A Primary Care-Based, Multicomponent Lifestyle Intervention for Overweight Adolescent Females.
(2012)
Journal - Pediatrics
Abstract :
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:Most clinic-based weight control treatments for youth have been designed for preadolescent children by using family-based care. However, as adolescents become more autonomous and less motivated by parental influence, this strategy may be less appropriate. This study evaluated a primary care-based, multicomponent lifestyle intervention specifically tailored for overweight adolescent females.METHODS:Adolescent girls (N = 208) 12 to 17 years of age (mean ± SD: 14.1 ± 1.4 years), with a mean ± SD BMI percentile of 97.09 ± 2.27, were assigned randomly to the intervention or usual care control group. The gender and developmentally tailored intervention included a focus on adoptable healthy lifestyle behaviors and was reinforced by ongoing feedback from the teen's primary care physician. Of those randomized, 195 (94%) completed the 6-month posttreatment assessment, and 173 (83%) completed the 12-month follow-up. The primary outcome was reduction in BMI z score.RESULTS:The decrease in BMI z score over time was significantly greater for intervention participants compared with usual care participants (-0.15 in BMI z score among intervention participants compared with -0.08 among usual care participants; P = .012). The 2 groups did not differ in secondary metabolic or psychosocial outcomes. Compared with usual care, intervention participants reported less reduction in frequency of family meals and less fast-food intake.CONCLUSIONS:A 5-month, medium-intensity, primary care-based, multicomponent behavioral intervention was associated with significant and sustained decreases in BMI z scores among obese adolescent girls compared with those receiving usual care.
Guided self-help treatment for recurrent binge eating: replication and extension.
(2011)
Journal - Psychiatric services (Washington, D.C.) (United States )
Abstract :
The aim of this study was to replicate and extend results of a previous blended efficacy and effectiveness trial of a low-intensity, manual-based guided self-help form of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT-GSH) for the treatment of binge eating disorders in a large health maintenance organization (HMO) and to compare them with usual care.To extend previous findings, the investigators modified earlier recruitment and assessment approaches and conducted a randomized clinical trial to better reflect procedures that may be reasonably carried out in real-world practices. The intervention was delivered by master's-level interventionists to 160 female members of a health maintenance organization who met diagnostic criteria for recurrent binge eating. Data collected at baseline, immediately posttreatment, and at six- and 12-month follow-ups were used in intent-to-treat analyses.At the 12-month follow-up, CBT-GSH resulted in greater remission from binge eating (35%, N=26) than usual care (14%, N=10) (number needed to treat=5). The CBT-GSH group also demonstrated greater improvements in dietary restraint (d=.71) and eating, shape, and weight concerns (d=1.10, 1.24, and .98, respectively) but not weight change.Replication of the pattern of previous findings suggests that CBT-GSH is a robust treatment for patients with recurrent binge eating. The magnitude of changes was significantly smaller than in the original study, however, suggesting that patients recruited and assessed with less intensive procedures may respond differently from their counterparts enrolled in trials requiring more comprehensive procedures.
| ISSN : | 1557-9700 |
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| Mesh Heading : | Adult Bulimia Cognitive Therapy Female Humans Middle Aged Outcome Assessment (Health Care) Program Development Self Care methods methods |
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| Mesh Heading Relevant : | prevention & control methods |
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Using a website to build community and enhance outcomes in a group, multi-component intervention promoting healthy diet and exercise in adolescents.
(2009)
Journal - Journal of pediatric psychology (United States )
Abstract :
OBJECTIVE: This article describes website use and behavioral outcomes in a multi-component lifestyle intervention promoting healthy diet and exercise. METHODS: A 2-year randomized clinical trial to improve bone density in 228 adolescent girls, the intervention included a website designed to enhance intervention adherence, retention of participants, and behavioral outcomes. Measures included diet and exercise recalls, surveys, and web-usage data. RESULTS: Website use was associated with increases in calcium intake (ss = 69.72, p =.01, ES = 0.15) and high-impact activity (ss = 10.93, p =.04, ES =.13). Use of web pages related to behavioral feedback and communications was not significantly associated with behavioral outcomes. The most visited website pages had content related to incentive points, caption contests, and fun facts. CONCLUSIONS: Web elements of a multi-component intervention may promote retention and engagement in target behaviors. Such websites may be most acceptable to adolescent participants if they blend fun and behavioral elements, rather than exclusively focusing on behavioral changes.
Recruitment for a guided self-help binge eating trial: potential lessons for implementing programs in everyday practice settings.
(2009)
Journal - Contemporary clinical trials (United States )
Abstract :
OBJECTIVE: To explore effects of various recruitment strategies on randomized clinical trial (RCT)-entry characteristics for patients with eating disorders within an everyday health-plan practice setting. METHODS: Randomly selected women, aged 25-50, in a Pacific Northwest HMO were invited to complete a self-report binge-eating screener for two treatment trials. We publicized the trials within the health plan to allow self-referral. Here, we report differences on eating-disorder status by mode and nature of recruitment (online, mail, self-referred) and assessment (comprehensive versus abbreviated) and on possible differences in enrollee characteristics between those recruited by strategy (self-referred versus study-outreach efforts). RESULTS: Few differences emerged among those recruited through outreach who responded by different modalities (internet versus mail), early-versus-late responders, and those enrolling under more comprehensive or abbreviated assessment. Self-referred were more likely to meet binge-eating thresholds and reported higher average BMI than those recruited by outreach and responding by mail; however, in most respects the groups were more similar than anticipated. Fewer than 1% of those initially contacted through outreach enrolled. CONCLUSIONS: Aggressive outreach and screening is likely not feasible for broader dissemination in everyday practice settings and recruits individuals with more similar demographic and clinical characteristics to those recruited through more abbreviated and realistic screening procedures than anticipated.
Social marketing-based communications to integrate and support the HEALTHY study intervention.
(2009)
Journal - International journal of obesity (2005) (England )
Abstract :
The HEALTHY study was a randomized, controlled, multicenter, middle school-based, multifaceted intervention designed to reduce risk factors for the development of type 2 diabetes. The study randomized 42 middle schools to intervention or control, and followed students from the sixth to the eighth grades. Participants were a racially, ethnically and geographically diverse cohort from across the United States. Here, we describe the conceptual underpinnings and design of the social marketing-based communications component of the HEALTHY study intervention that combined changes in the school nutrition and physical education (PE) environment with behavior change initiatives. The communications intervention component coordinated multiple elements to deliver campaigns that served to integrate and support all aspects of the HEALTHY intervention. The campaigns unfolded across five semesters of middle school, each targeting a specific theme related to the HEALTHY objectives. Communications campaigns comprised (1) core elements such as branding, posters, banners and visual and verbal messaging, (2) student events supporting the nutrition, PE and behavior intervention components through the application of social marketing and communications strategies, including the incorporation of student-generated media and (3) distribution of premiums and theme enhancers to extend the visibility of the study beyond the intervention environment. Formative research conducted with students, parents and school administrators was used to refine the communications strategy. Student peer communicators selected from the student body were involved to influence the normative student environment. Marketing and creative design experts developed a brand, logo, activities and materials. In the latter half of the study, student-generated messages and media were used to reflect local interests and culture and enhance peer influence. The HEALTHY intervention delivery and impact were strengthened by the communications strategies. The HEALTHY experience provides practical considerations for systematically incorporating a social marketing-based communications approach within future school-based health behavior interventions.
Youth: a health plan-based lifestyle intervention increases bone mineral density in adolescent girls.
(2006)
Journal - Archives of pediatrics & adolescent medicine (United States )
Abstract :
OBJECTIVE: To test the efficacy of a health plan-based lifestyle intervention to increase bone mineral density in adolescent girls. DESIGN: Two-year randomized, controlled trial. SETTING: Large health maintenance organization. PARTICIPANTS: Girls 14 to 16 years old with body mass index below the national median. Intervention Behavioral intervention (bimonthly group meetings, quarterly coaching telephone calls, and weekly self-monitoring) designed to improve diet and increase physical activity. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Total bone mineral density was measured by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. Behavioral outcomes included intake of calcium, vitamin D, soda, and fruits and vegetables; high-impact and strength-training physical activity; measures of strength and fitness; and biomarkers (osteocalcin and naltrexone). RESULTS: Compared with control subjects, girls in the intervention group had significantly higher bone mineral density in the spine and trochanter regions during the first study year, which was maintained during the second study year. The naltrexone biomarker demonstrated a greater relative decrease in the intervention group compared with the control group, with nonsignificant changes in osteocalcin consistent with more bone building in the intervention group. Participants in the intervention group reported significantly greater consumption of calcium in both study years, vitamin D in the first year, and fruits and vegetables in both years. We found no effect on soda consumption or target exercise rates. CONCLUSIONS: A comprehensive health care-based lifestyle intervention can effectively improve dietary intake and increase bone mineral gains in adolescent girls. To our knowledge, this study is the first to significantly improve bone mass in adolescent girls in a non-school-based intervention. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT00067600.
| ISSN : | 1072-4710 |
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| Mesh Heading : | Adolescent Adolescent Behavior Biological Markers Diet Surveys Female Humans Naltrexone Osteocalcin blood blood blood |
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| Mesh Heading Relevant : | Bone Density Diet Exercise Health Behavior Life Style |
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Healthcare use by children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder with and without psychiatric comorbidities.
(2004)
Journal - The journal of behavioral health services & research (United States )
Abstract :
This study examined healthcare services used by children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), with and without psychiatric comorbidities. The study was conducted in a large health maintenance organization in the Pacific Northwest on all continuously enrolled children aged 5 to 12 from January 1997 through July 1998. The study measured all outpatient medical care, specialty mental health care services, and prescription drug dispensings from computer records. Children with ADHD, with and without other psychiatric comorbidities, use more general medical services than do other groups of children, including outpatient visits, acute care (emergency room [ER] urgent care) visits. ADHD and other psychiatric comorbidities lead to higher use of specialty mental health services and greater use of psychotropic medications.
| ISSN : | 1094-3412 |
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| Mesh Heading : | Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity Child Comorbidity Female Health Maintenance Organizations Health Services Research Humans Male Mental Health Services Oregon Psychotropic Drugs Washington drug therapy therapeutic use |
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| Mesh Heading Relevant : | complications utilization |
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YOUTH: decisions and challenges in designing an osteoporosis prevention intervention for teen girls.
(2004)
Journal - Preventive medicine (United States )
Abstract :
BACKGROUND: This paper describes decisions about the experimental design for the Youth, Osteoporosis, and Understanding Total Health Project (YOUTH), a trial designed to test the efficacy of a health plan-based lifestyle intervention for increasing bone mineral density among adolescent women 14 to 16 years of age. METHODS: This randomized controlled trial recruited adolescent women who were at higher risk for developing osteoporosis (body mass index 16-23) from a large HMO in the Pacific Northwest. The intervention focused on improving diet (high calcium foods, fruits, and vegetables) and increasing physical activity (high impact and spinal motion). The intervention included both group and individual activities. The primary endpoint in the study was total bone mineral density as measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). RESULTS: Baseline data were collected on the trial cohort of 228 adolescent women and their families. This paper discusses how researchers met the following challenges in designing and implementing the trial: determining appropriate dietary and exercise targets to affect bone mineral density in adolescents; choosing suitable assessments; and developing an intervention well suited for implementation in a non-school (health plan) setting. We also discuss the rationale for the specific study population chosen (females, younger adolescents). CONCLUSIONS: The YOUTH project is one of very few preventive research interventions with adolescents conducted in a health plan setting. Many of the recruitment and intervention strategies used in this trial may be appropriate for adoption in other health plan-based prevention studies.
| ISSN : | 0091-7435 |
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| Mesh Heading : | Adolescent Adolescent Health Services Exercise Female Health Education Health Services Research Humans Northwestern United States Osteoporosis Outcome and Process Assessment (Health Care) Patient Compliance Program Development Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic Research Design methods diet therapy methods |
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| Mesh Heading Relevant : | organization & administration methods prevention & control methods methods |
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Use of psychotropic agents in preschool children: associated symptoms, diagnoses, and health care services in a health maintenance organization.
(2003)
Journal - Archives of pediatrics & adolescent medicine (United States )
Abstract :
BACKGROUND: Recent pharmacoepidemiological reports have contributed to concerns about frequent and perhaps indiscriminate psychopharmacotherapy for very young children. OBJECTIVE: To examine the diagnoses, symptoms, and health care services associated with preschool children receiving psychotropic medication. DESIGN: Population-based pharmacoepidemiological analysis of electronic medical records, paper medical and mental health charts, and pharmacy records from 1997 and 1998. SETTING: A large Pacific Northwest health maintenance organization. PARTICIPANTS: Preschool children receiving psychotropic medication (psychostimulants, antidepressants, neuroleptics, or alpha(2)-adrenergic agonists). MEASURES: Physician-reported mental health diagnoses and related symptoms, functional impairment, family and participant characteristics, and the types and level of associated medical and mental health services. RESULTS: Of 743 preschool children who clinicians identified as having behavioral or emotional problems, 120 (16%) received psychotropic medication; 57 children (48%) were prescribed a stimulant medication only, and 60 (50%) received a diagnosis of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Most children had substantial psychosocial risk factors, including parents with psychiatric or substance abuse problems (71%; n = 85), documented histories of abuse (29%; n = 35), and out-of-home placement (31%; n = 37). Four of 5 children or families (83%; n = 99) received psychosocial services in addition to pharmacotherapy. On average, children received psychotropic medication at least 6 months after initial identification of a behavioral or mental health problem. CONCLUSIONS: Despite commentary by the popular media about widespread psychopharmacotherapy for very young children, such treatment was only infrequently received in this health plan. Most children receiving psychopharmacotherapy had substantial additional risk factors and were receiving psychosocial services for mental health or behavioral management.
| ISSN : | 1072-4710 |
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| Mesh Heading : | Attention Deficit and Disruptive Behavior Disorders Child Development Disorders, Pervasive Child, Preschool Drug Utilization Family Relations Female Health Maintenance Organizations Humans Infant Male Mental Health Services Oregon Physician's Practice Patterns Psychotropic Drugs Retrospective Studies therapy therapy epidemiology |
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| Mesh Heading Relevant : | drug therapy drug therapy statistics & numerical data therapeutic use |
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Use of complementary and alternative medicine for temporomandibular disorders.
(2003)
Journal - Journal of orofacial pain (United States )
Abstract :
AIMS: Despite many reports about complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) use in the general population, little information exists about specific CAM therapies used for particular health conditions. This study examines the use of CAM therapies among patients with temporomandibular disorders (TMD). METHODS: We surveyed 192 patients with documented TMD as part of a larger project on the effectiveness of various CAM modalities for TMD patients. The survey asked about use of and attitudes toward specific CAM therapies for treating TMD and other patient-identified health conditions. The survey also measured physical health, health behavior, and psychosocial functioning. RESULTS: Nearly two thirds of the respondents (62.5%; n = 120) reported using CAM therapies for TMD or a related condition. Of all the therapies reported, massage was rated as the most frequent and among the most satisfactory and helpful. In general, respondents who used CAM for their TMD reported being most satisfied with the "hands on" CAM therapies (massage, acupuncture, and chiropractic care). The vast majority of respondents reported using CAM approaches for TMD simultaneously with conventional care (95.6%; 66 of 69). Those using CAM for TMD tended to be older, had a history of multiple medical problems, and reported more positive psychologic functioning. Respondents who most often reported CAM treatment as "very helpful" for their TMD were likely to be healthier (i.e., reporting higher levels of exercise and fewer sleep disturbances). CONCLUSION: Given the frequent use of CAM treatments by our respondents, allopathic providers should inquire about the adjunctive use of CAM among their TMD patients.
| ISSN : | 1064-6655 |
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| Mesh Heading : | Adolescent Adult Aged Attitude to Health Complementary Therapies Educational Status Female Health Care Surveys Humans Male Middle Aged Patient Satisfaction Questionnaires Social Class Temporomandibular Joint Disorders psychology |
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| Mesh Heading Relevant : | utilization therapy |
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