Lung tissue concentrations and plasma pharmacokinetics of danofloxacin in calves with acute pneumonia.
(1993)
Journal - American journal of veterinary research (UNITED STATES )
Abstract :
Plasma and lung tissue pharmacokinetics of danofloxacin in calves with naturally induced acute pneumonia were determined in 2 separate studies. A maximal pneumonic tissue concentration of 1.17 micrograms/g was achieved 1.8 hours after IM injection of 1.25 mg of danofloxacin/kg of body weight. Pneumonic tissue danofloxacin concentrations were 5.5 times greater than those in plasma at 1 and 2 hours after injection. Cranioventral pneumonic tissue had significantly decreased danofloxacin concentration, compared with that of grossly normal tissue from the caudodorsal part of the lungs at 2 of 6 sample times. After IV injection, the apparent steady-state volume of distribution was 3.44 +/- 1.13 L/kg, and the elimination half-life was 6.26 +/- 2.27 hours. Maximal plasma danofloxacin concentration of 0.25 micrograms/ml was detected 0.80 hour after IM injection. Bioavailability was 91%. Our findings indicated that a large percentage of danofloxacin is rapidly absorbed after IM administration to calves with acute pneumonia. Extensive tissue penetration was suggested by a high steady-state volume of distribution and was indicated by high concentrations in pneumonic tissue.
| ISSN : | 0002-9645 |
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| Mesh Heading : | Animals Anti-Infective Agents Cattle Cattle Diseases Injections, Intramuscular Injections, Intravenous Lung Male Pneumonia Quinolones veterinary veterinary pathology metabolism pathology blood |
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| Mesh Heading Relevant : | Fluoroquinolones pharmacokinetics metabolism metabolism veterinary pharmacokinetics |
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Regional danofloxacin lung tissue concentrations and their relationship to regional pulmonary blood flow in consolidated and nonconsolidated bovine lung.
(1993)
Journal - American journal of veterinary research (UNITED STATES )
Abstract :
Six calves with areas of pulmonary consolidation attributable to bronchopneumonia, and 6 calves with no areas of consolidation were given i.v. injections of danofloxacin. This injection was followed approximately 55 minutes later by injection of 15-microns radio-labeled microspheres to measure regional pulmonary blood flow. Calves were euthanatized exactly 1 hour after the danofloxacin injection. Six samples for determination of danofloxacin concentration, each surrounded by 4 samples for determination of gamma emission counts, were taken from each lung. Additional samples focusing on the line of demarcation between consolidated and nonconsolidated tissue were taken from calves with pulmonary consolidation. Data from calves with no areas of pulmonary consolidation indicated that blood flow was significantly reduced in the caudodorsal position of the left lung and the caudodorsal and cranioventral positions of the right lungs. Danofloxacin concentrations in the cranioventral positions of the right and left lungs were significantly lower than those in the middle-dorsal positions. Differences in danofloxacin concentrations and blood flow were analyzed in consolidated and non-consolidated cranioventral and middle-ventral positions of the lungs from calves with pulmonary consolidation. Decreases in blood flow in consolidated lung tissue ranged from 83.3 to 91.7%. Danofloxacin concentrations in consolidated lung tissue were significantly reduced by 41% in the middle-ventral position of the left lung. The line of demarcation step study revealed a significant reduction of blood flow at 2 and 4 cm into consolidated lung tissue, with reductions of 84 and 88%, respectively. Danofloxacin concentration did not significantly decrease in consolidated tissue.
| ISSN : | 0002-9645 |
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| Mesh Heading : | Animals Anti-Infective Agents Cattle Cattle Diseases Lung Pneumonia Pulmonary Circulation Quinolones physiopathology metabolism physiopathology |
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| Mesh Heading Relevant : | Fluoroquinolones pharmacokinetics metabolism metabolism veterinary physiology pharmacokinetics |
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