Molecular evolution of the N-formyl peptide and C5a receptors in non-human primates.
(1996)
Journal - Immunogenetics (UNITED STATES )
Abstract :
N-formyl peptides (FMLP) and complement fragment C5a are neutrophil chemoattractants. In humans, a single-copy gene was identified for the C5a receptor, and the receptor for FMLP (FPR1) is encoded by a single gene that shows 53% amino acid similarity to the C5aR. Two other human FPR1 homologues, FPR-like 1 (FPR2/FPRL1) and FPR-like 2 (FPRL2) have been cloned. The human C5aR, FPR1, FPRL1, and FPRL2 are physically linked. By direct sequencing or by sequencing plasmid clones we studied the C5aR and FPR genes from four non-human primates (chimpanzee, gorilla, orangutan, and macaque). The sequences showed 95% - 99% similarity to the human homologues, with the major divergences observed in macaque. In these genes, the transmembrane and the cytoplasmic domains are highly conserved, while the highest divergence corresponded to the extracellular loops involved in ligand binding. Additionally, we constructed a physical map of these genes in non-human primates. In all species the four genes were physically linked and we defined the relative orientation of the four genes in primates: C5aR>FPR1>FPR2 (FPRL1)>FPRL2.
| ISSN : | 0093-7711 |
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| Mesh Heading : | Amino Acid Sequence Animals Antigens, CD Base Sequence Chromosome Mapping Gorilla gorilla Humans Macaca mulatta Molecular Sequence Data Pan troglodytes Phylogeny Pongo pygmaeus Primates Receptor, Anaphylatoxin C5a Receptors, Complement Receptors, Formyl Peptide Receptors, Immunologic Receptors, Peptide Sequence Alignment classification |
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| Mesh Heading Relevant : | Evolution, Molecular Receptors, Lipoxin genetics genetics genetics genetics genetics |
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Characterization of interleukin-8 receptors in non-human primates.
(1996)
Journal - Immunogenetics (UNITED STATES )
Abstract :
Interleukin-8 is a chemokine with a potent neutrophil chemoattractant activity. In humans, two different cDNAs encoding human IL8 receptors designated IL8RA and IL8RB have been cloned. IL8RA binds IL8, while IL8RB binds IL8 as well as other alpha-chemokines. Both human IL8Rs are encoded by two genes physically linked on chromosome 2. The IL8RA and IL8RB genes have open reading frames (ORF) lacking introns. By direct sequencing of the polymerase chain reaction products, we sequenced the IL8R genes of cell lines from four non-human primates: chimpanzee, gorilla, orangutan, and macaca. The IL8RB encodes an ORF in the four non-human primates, showing 95% - 99% similarity to the human IL8RB sequence. The IL8RA homologue in gorilla and chimpanzee consisted of two ORF 98% - 99% identical to the human sequence. The macaca and orangutan IL8RA homologues are pseudogenes: a 2 base pair insertion generated a sequence with several stop codons. In addition, we describe the physical linkage of these genes in the four non-human primates and discuss the evolutionary implications of these findings.
| ISSN : | 0093-7711 |
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| Mesh Heading : | Amino Acid Sequence Animals Antigens, CD Base Sequence Gorilla gorilla Humans Linkage (Genetics) Macaca Molecular Sequence Data Open Reading Frames Pan troglodytes Polymerase Chain Reaction Pongo pygmaeus Receptors, Interleukin Receptors, Interleukin-8A Sequence Homology, Amino Acid Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid genetics genetics genetics genetics |
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| Mesh Heading Relevant : | genetics genetics |
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Genetic detection of the silent allele (*Q0) in hereditary deficiencies of the human complement C6, C7, and C9 components.
(1995)
Journal - American journal of medical genetics (UNITED STATES )
Abstract :
DNA polymorphisms (RFLPs) of the human complement component C6, C7, and C9 genes were studied in three C7-deficient (C7D) families, one C6-deficient (C6D) family, and one C9-deficient (C9D) family. The 3 loci are closely linked on human chromosome 5. The haplotypes carrying the "silent" allele (C7*Q0, C6*Q0, and C9*Q0) were defined in each family, allowing for the detection of carriers among asymptomatic relatives. This paper describes familial studies on a type of hereditary trait, characterized by recurrent Neisseria infections in individuals homozygous for "silent" alleles at the C6, C7, or C9 loci.
| ISSN : | 0148-7299 |
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| Mesh Heading : | Complement C6 Complement C7 Complement C9 Female Haplotypes Heterozygote Humans Male Meningococcal Infections Pedigree Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length Recurrence Sepsis genetics immunology genetics immunology |
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| Mesh Heading Relevant : | Alleles deficiency genetics deficiency genetics deficiency genetics |
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A physical map of two clusters containing the genes for six proinflammatory receptors.
(1994)
Journal - Immunogenetics (UNITED STATES )
Abstract :
The genes encoding for six receptors involved in the proinflammatory response lie on different chromosomes. Two receptors for N-formylpeptides (FPR1, FPR2), one homologue of these (FPRL2), and the receptor for complement fragment C5a (C5aR) are encoded by four genes mapped to human chromosome 19. The genes encoding two receptors for Interleukin-8 (IL8RA, IL8RB) have been located on human chromosome 2. In this report we describe the physical linkage between these genes in two different clusters. DNA fragments obtained by digestion with several restriction enzymes were separated by pulsed field gel electrophoresis. Nylon filters were hybridized with probes corresponding to the complete translated sequences of these genes. These probes were obtained from a human neutrophil cDNA-library. The four genes on chromosome 19 are contained in a 200 kilobase (kb) fragment. Both Interleukin-8 receptors are on a 150 kb fragment. The complete translated sequences for these genes were amplified from genomic DNA, indicating that they are contained in a single exon.
| ISSN : | 0093-7711 |
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| Mesh Heading : | Base Sequence Chromosome Mapping Chromosomes, Human, Pair 19 Chromosomes, Human, Pair 2 Evolution Formic Acids Genome, Human Humans Inflammation Introns Linkage (Genetics) Molecular Sequence Data Multigene Family Receptor, Anaphylatoxin C5a Receptors, Complement Receptors, Formyl Peptide Receptors, Immunologic Receptors, Interleukin Receptors, Interleukin-8A Receptors, Peptide genetics genetics |
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| Mesh Heading Relevant : | Chromosomes, Human genetics genetics genetics genetics |
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